泌尿外科臨床醫(yī)學中心
國家臨床重點?？?/span>
上海市醫(yī)學領(lǐng)先專業(yè)重點學科
泌尿外科臨床醫(yī)學中心由我國著名泌尿外科專家黃正教授創(chuàng)立,，在謝桐,、唐孝達,、張先有,、夏術(shù)階等幾代學科帶頭人的帶領(lǐng)下,，已成為國家臨床重點專科,、上海市醫(yī)學領(lǐng)先專業(yè)重點學科,、上海市住院醫(yī)師培訓基地、國家臨床藥物實驗基地,、衛(wèi)生部內(nèi)鏡培訓基地,、上海交通大學泌尿外科研究所。
泌尿外科臨床醫(yī)學中心在1988年成為國務院批準的首批有博士學位授予權(quán)的學科,，目前有醫(yī)生48名,，碩士以上學歷占100%，主任醫(yī)師14名,、副主任醫(yī)師14名,，主治醫(yī)師12名，其中博士研究生導師10名,，碩士研究生導師12名,。
泌尿外科中心在前列腺疾病、泌尿腫瘤,、微創(chuàng)腔鏡手術(shù),、女性壓力性尿失禁、小兒尿道下裂成因,、組織工程,、雄激素受體亞型與前列腺疾病、終末期腎病透析治療,、腎臟移植免疫和基因配型等方面均開展了廣泛的科學研究工作,，形成了以移植免疫和基因配型,、雄激素受體相關(guān)研究為代表性的國際領(lǐng)先科研方向。先后獲得“十二五”科技支撐項目1項,、國家自然科學基金25項,，衛(wèi)生部、科技部,、上海市科委,、教委、衛(wèi)生局等科研課題100余項,，共獲科研基金超過7000萬元,。曾獲得國家科技進步二等獎一項（中國漢族人器官移植基因配型研究與臨床應用，2001年）,；微創(chuàng)泌尿外科新技術(shù)的應用開發(fā)推廣以及并發(fā)癥預防研究,，相關(guān)成果獲得上海市科技進步一等獎一項（微創(chuàng)泌尿外科激光新技術(shù)開發(fā)與應用，2010年）,，華夏醫(yī)學科學技術(shù)進步獎一等獎1項（2013年）以及恩德思醫(yī)學科技進步一等獎1項（2009年）,，國家教育部高等學校科學研究優(yōu)秀成果科學技術(shù)進步二等獎,，中華醫(yī)學科學技術(shù)進步二等獎,，上海市科技進步二等獎，上海市醫(yī)學科技三等獎,，華夏醫(yī)學科技三等獎,，其他成果包括上海市和省部級三等獎以上獎項30余項。
2012年,，泌尿外科臨床醫(yī)學中心先后獲得“國家衛(wèi)生部臨床重點?？啤苯ㄔO(shè)項目、上海市衛(wèi)計委“重中之重”臨床學科建設(shè)項目資助,，獲得3000萬元學科建設(shè)資金支持,。2019年再次獲得上海市臨床重點科學建設(shè)項目，即振龍頭計劃約1500萬資金項目,，并積極推進振龍頭項目,，以此為基礎(chǔ)開展“以前列腺疾病為切入點建立全鏈條服務體系”。
泌尿外科臨床醫(yī)學中心按照衛(wèi)生部臨床重點?？平ㄔO(shè)的要求,，成立了泌尿外科臨床醫(yī)學中心領(lǐng)導下的泌尿腫瘤外科、泌尿結(jié)石外科,、前列腺與盆底尿失禁外科,、腎臟移植科、男科5個亞學科和醫(yī)院南部泌尿外科,。已經(jīng)將學科內(nèi)副高以上職稱醫(yī)師進行亞學科定向發(fā)展,，使學科建設(shè)進一步向高水平,、專業(yè)化、精細化方向發(fā)展,。
泌尿外科臨床醫(yī)學中心與美國,、法國、瑞士的知名大學學科建立了良好交流關(guān)系,。在青島大學附屬臨沂市人民醫(yī)院、貴州省人民醫(yī)院等單位建立了聯(lián)合培養(yǎng)博士后的協(xié)作關(guān)系,。近5年來,， 先后獲得上海交通大學醫(yī)學院優(yōu)秀教師（夏術(shù)階）、優(yōu)秀青年教師（孫曉文）,、上海交通大學醫(yī)學院精品課程等榮譽,。科室每周例行舉行研究生讀書報告會和臨床學術(shù)報告會,，在很大程度上促進和提高了研究生的臨床及科研工作水平,。
泌尿外科臨床醫(yī)學中心負責人包括：中心學科帶頭人、 中心主任（兼）夏術(shù)階,， 中心副主任（兼）,、 前列腺尿控科主任（北部）韓邦旻，中心副主任（兼）,、 泌尿系腫瘤科主任 （北部）王翔,，中心副主任（兼）、男科主任（北部）,、輔助生殖醫(yī)學科副主任（兼）李錚,，腎移植科主任（北部）邱建新，泌尿系結(jié)石科主任（北部）魯軍,，泌尿系結(jié)石科副主任（北部）邵怡,，前列腺尿控科副主任（北部）荊翌峰，泌尿外科主任（南部）孫曉文,。
亞?？?/span>
前列腺外科
專業(yè)于前列腺疾病的診斷評估和綜合治療。夏術(shù)階教授國際上首創(chuàng)經(jīng)尿道銩激光剝橘式前列腺切除術(shù),，引領(lǐng)了前列腺增生微創(chuàng)手術(shù)的變革,，該術(shù)式高效安全，保留尿控及勃起功能,，并發(fā)癥少,，目前已廣泛推廣，并獲得國際學術(shù)界高度評價,，被EAU,、CUA等指南和泌尿外科最經(jīng)典權(quán)威的《坎貝爾泌尿外科學》收錄引用,。前列腺癌的篩查診斷和微創(chuàng)治療是前列腺科的另一個專業(yè)特色。我科是在上海最早采用彈性超聲引導的經(jīng)直腸前列腺穿刺活檢,，有效提高了前列腺癌的診斷準確率,。2002年我院開展了華東地區(qū)首例腹腔鏡下前列腺癌根治術(shù)，隨訪至今健在,，并在上海市最早引進開展3D腹腔鏡技術(shù),，其徹底清除腫瘤的同時保留尿控及勃起功能，大大改善手術(shù)效果,，已成我科室優(yōu)勢,，而且在尿控和男性勃起功能的保留方面經(jīng)驗獨到，在最大限度清除腫瘤的同時,，盡可能保證患者生活質(zhì)量,。我們發(fā)揮男科和盆底外科方面的優(yōu)勢，在前列腺術(shù)后的功能康復方面頗具優(yōu)勢,。盆底專業(yè)組的尿失禁,、盆底脫垂等手術(shù)量一直位居國內(nèi)前茅，目前擁有國際上最先進的影像尿動力學儀等,，對盆底功能可以做出最精確的判斷,，并擁有多臺最先進的生物反饋和盆底電刺激治療儀。學科帶頭人夏術(shù)階榮獲世界華人泌尿外科杰出貢獻獎,、上海醫(yī)學發(fā)展杰出貢獻獎,、上海市杰出專科醫(yī)師獎,。
泌尿腫瘤外科
致力于泌尿生殖系統(tǒng)腫瘤的腔鏡微創(chuàng)手術(shù)和綜合治療,，病種主要包括腎癌、 膀胱癌,、腎盂癌,、 輸尿管癌、腎上腺腫瘤,、睪丸癌,、陰莖癌等?？剖覉猿忠磺幸圆∪藶橹行?，醫(yī)德與醫(yī)術(shù)并重、臨床與科研并舉,。每年開展微創(chuàng)手術(shù)治療各種復雜泌尿系腫瘤一千多例,，其中腹腔鏡膀胱癌根治+原位新膀胱手術(shù)、腹腔鏡下腎動脈超選阻斷腎部分切除術(shù)、經(jīng)尿道膀胱腫瘤銩激光整塊切除術(shù)和后腹腔鏡下腹膜后淋巴結(jié)清掃術(shù)等微創(chuàng)手術(shù)達到國內(nèi)領(lǐng)先和國際先進水平,，腫瘤治愈率和患者滿意度均位居國內(nèi)前列,。泌尿腫瘤外科始終堅持立足國內(nèi)，帶著國際化視野審視學科發(fā)展,，積極引進國外先進技術(shù),，每周三上午常規(guī)開展泌尿腫瘤疑難病例的多學科專家聯(lián)合討論 （MDT）模式?？剖叶鄶?shù)醫(yī)生曾在歐美著名大學和醫(yī)院進修學習,，并在臨床和基礎(chǔ)研究方面取得豐碩成果，國內(nèi)外發(fā)表多篇論文,，包括Nature,、Cancer Science、Journal Urology, Urology等國際權(quán)威雜志,。
泌尿結(jié)石外科
華東地區(qū)及上海市最早開展泌尿系結(jié)石微創(chuàng)外科手術(shù),、特別是微創(chuàng)經(jīng)皮腎鏡超聲,、鈥激光碎石取石術(shù)（PCNL）,、輸尿管鏡鈥激光碎石術(shù)及腎臟/輸尿管軟鏡鈥激光碎石術(shù)，治療各類常規(guī)及復雜性上尿路結(jié)石的學科之一,，是國內(nèi)最早成立的泌尿結(jié)石診療中心,。目前為上海交通大學泌尿外科研究所結(jié)石微創(chuàng)培訓中心，長三角泌尿外科聯(lián)盟結(jié)石微創(chuàng)診療培訓中心,，OLYMPUS泌尿系電子軟鏡中國地區(qū)臨床培訓中心,。結(jié)石清除率和手術(shù)安全居國內(nèi)領(lǐng)先水平。自2013年起連續(xù)5年入選中國名醫(yī)百強榜—泌尿結(jié)石TOP10,。擁有目前世界上最先進的結(jié)石診斷及治療設(shè)備：西門子彩色B超,、 C臂X光機、紅外晶體衍射結(jié)石成分分析儀,、德國鈥激光,、瑞士產(chǎn)國際最新型超聲氣壓彈道自動負壓碎石取石機EM5、美國Medsonic生產(chǎn)的最新型單探針碎石清石系統(tǒng),、德國WOLF輸尿管鏡,、OLYMPUS腎臟軟鏡以及全進口影像及監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)等，全力為患者的健康保駕護航,！
腎臟移植外科
由我國著名的泌尿外科專家謝桐教授親手創(chuàng)立,，1976年進行首例尸體腎移植獲得成功，是國內(nèi)最早開展腎移植的單位之一,。目前開展的器官移植包括尸體腎移植,、自體腎移植、親屬活體腎移植、肝-腎聯(lián)合移植,、胰-腎聯(lián)合移植,、腎-成人胰島細胞聯(lián)合移植等，至今累記腎臟移植總數(shù)2600余例,、年移植量50-100例,，最小移植受者11歲、最大移植受者72歲,。1年人/腎存活率97.4%/93.2%,， 5年人/腎存活率86.6%/72.2%， 10年人/腎存活率65.7%/55.1%,。最長移植腎存活時間已超過30年,。同時在腎移植基礎(chǔ)和臨床研究方面也取得了杰出的成績，在國際移植界知名的Transplantation,、American Journal of Transplantation等雜志發(fā)表論文58篇,，研究成果還榮獲了國家科技進步二等獎、上海市臨床醫(yī)學科技獎等殊榮,。
男科
成立于2015年3月6日,， 是上海三甲醫(yī)院唯一獨立設(shè)置的男性健康專科,，附設(shè)上海交通大學泌尿外科研究所男性健康評估中心,、顯微男科技術(shù)培訓-研究中心、中國商環(huán)包皮外科培訓學院,、“Asian Journal of Andrology”編輯部,。根據(jù)學科發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略決策，泌尿男科旨在發(fā)展為醫(yī)療,、科研,、教學、培訓,、經(jīng)濟效益領(lǐng)域國內(nèi)領(lǐng)先,，具有國際重要影響力的男科學平臺，成為百姓首選,、提供優(yōu)質(zhì)服務的中國男性健康領(lǐng)域的醫(yī)學中心,。遵循精益求精的理念，以“愿天下男士俱歡顏”為己任,，以促進與關(guān)注男性一生的健康為目標,，形成了顯微男科、微創(chuàng)男科,、整形男科,、康復男科的四大特色。
男科在北部與南部開設(shè)專科門診,、專病門診,、特需門診，承擔男科疾病,、男性輔助生殖患者的診斷與治療,。目前為中國醫(yī)師協(xié)會男科醫(yī)師分會會長單位，亞洲男科學協(xié)會主席單位,，上海男科學分會主任醫(yī)師單位,。
The Urology Center of Shanghai General Hospital was founded in early 1940s. Under the lead of such well-known professors as Huang Zheng, Xie Tong, Xu Qinjun, Tang Xiaoda, Zhang Xianyou, Tan Jianming, and Xia Shujie, and after many years of practical effort, our center has now become one of the prestigious subject in the nationwide.
There are a total of 5 wards and 200 beds in our center in the north and south hospital district. In the past 3 years, the number of outpatients and emergency patients is about 120 thousand, and the number of inpatients is about 4923.
As a wide range of scientific research work which includes prostate disease, urinary tumor, minimally invasive endoscopic surgery, stress urinary incontinence, children with hypospadias formation, tissue engineering, and androgen receptor subtype of prostate disease, end-stage renal disease on dialysis, kidney transplantation immunity and gene type matching has been carried out, our center has formed the leading research directions that are represented by transplantation immunology, gene matching, and androgen receptor related studies. Our center has access to one “8th Five-Year” and “9th Five-Year” national key project, one "12th Five-Year" science and technology support project, 31 National Natural Science Foundation of China, more than 100 scientific research projects from Ministry of health, Ministry of science and technology, Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission, and Health Bureau. Besides, a total of more than 70 million yuan research fund has been applied for, and more than 350 academic papers have been published in academic journals at home and abroad, more than 70 of which have been included in SCI journals; We are the chief editors of 9 monographs as well as editors of 21 monographs, and we are the owners of 12 patents for invention or utility model. Furthermore, we have won the second prize of national scientific and technological progress (The study and clinical application of organ transplantation in Chinese Han population, 2001). In recent years, we attach great significance to the minimally invasive urology as well as development of new technology application and complication prevention. As a result, we have made the relevant achievements as the first prize of Shanghai science and technology progress (Development and application of laser technology in minimally invasive urology, 2010), the first prize of Chinese medical science and technology progress (2013), the first prize of International Endoscopics Award（2009）, the second prize of science and technology progress award of National Academy of Sciences, the second prize of Chinese Medical Science and Technology Progress Award, and more than 20 other achievements of Shanghai municipal or provincial awards which are above the third prize.
The Urology Center consists of Department of Prostate/ pelvic and urinary incontinence surgery, Department of Urologic Oncology, Department of Urolithiasis, Department of Kidney Transplantation and Department of Andrology .
Department of Prostate / pelvic and urinary incontinence surgery
Department of Prostate specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of prostatic disease. Transurethral thulium laser resection of prostate-technique and laparoscopic radical prostatectomy are the specialties and characteristics of our department.
The transurethral thulium laser resection of prostate-tangerine technique was invented by Professor Xia Shujie, the director of our center, and it was first performed in our department for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in the world in 2004. And this operation has greatly improved the safety and efficiency of the operations of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Our department has made academic reports and demonstrations on the international academic conferences for many times, and has been highly praised by the international academic circles. This surgery-related papers have been published in European Urology, the most authoritative international journal of urology, and have been cited by guidelines of EAU and CUA. And we have received invitations from Germany, France, Switzerland, Singapore and other countries to conduct academic exchanges and presentations. This operation is characterized by high efficiency, safety and evident therapeutic effect. High efficiency means that the removal rate is faster and the duration of operation is greatly shortened. Safety means almost no bleeding during surgery. The operation makes many high-risk patients who can not accept surgeries also get the opportunity of surgical treatment. After nearly 10 years of follow-up, it confirmed that the effect of the surgery is excellent, and the surgery has no impact on function.
In 2002, our department performed the first laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer in East China, and up to now, the patient is still in good health. We are the first department of Shanghai to introduce 3D laparoscopic technology. 3D laparoscopic radical prostatectomy has become a characteristic of our department. For the early stage of prostate cancer, intrafascial laparoscopic radical prostatectomy may be better performed to retain the sexual function and urinary continence.
The department carries out pelvic and urinary control neurological and urodynamic examination, and focuses on urinary and sexual function combined recovery of pelvic diseases. The department owns unique and simplified surgical treatment for urinary incontinence. On this basis of establishment of urinary incontinence patients’ sample library, we carries out the translational medical research for in-depth study on mechanisms of interplay between estrogen reduction and urinary function, and on stem cell therapy for urinary incontinence.
Department of Urologic Oncology
The main characteristic of Department of Urologic Oncology are minimally invasive surgery and comprehensive treatment of urinary tumors.
The main minimally invasive surgery techniques include laparoscopic and retroperitoneal laparoscopic techniques, thulium laser and holmium laser techniques, 3D laparoscopy techniques, laparoscopic ultrasonography and 3D imaging system. These techniques can cure over 90 percent of the genitourinary cancers, including adrenal tumors, renal neoplasm, renal pelvis carcinoma, ureteral tumors, bladder tumor, urogenital cancers(testicular tumors, penile cancer and tumors of scrotum) et al. Our department is able to conduct more than 30 regular minimally invasive surgeries, including retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, radical nephrectomy, radical nephroureterectomy of renal pelvis and ureteral carcinoma, ligation of renal lymphatic vessels, retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy, retroperitoneoscopic ureteral reimplautation, ureterovesical reimplantation, laparoscopic enucleation for huge adrenal tumors, radical cystectomy and construction of orthotopic neobladder, transurethral resection of bladder tumor, nephrectomy, pyeloplasty for ureteropelvic junction obstruction et al.
Our department take the lead in developing and reporting the cases of thulium laser en-bloc bladder cancer resection for treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. This technique have been proved to be effective. The department carried out clinical research of preoperative pirarubicin intravesical instillation for the diagnosis and treatment of carcinoma in situ of bladder cancer and that for the influence of cancer progression/recurrence postoperatively. We also performed superselective clamping of renal artery in retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, especially the most recent case that superselective clamping of renal artery in retroperitoneal laparoscopic sequential partial nephrectomy for treatment of multiple tumors on solitary kidneys is admired by many peers. The other new minimally invasive surgerytechniques developed recent including three-port laparoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy through abdominal wall for penile carcinoma, the refined retroperitoneal laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for testicular cancer and laparoscopic nephrectomy combined with inferior vena cava tumor thrombectomy.
Department of Urolithiasis
Our department is one of the first subjects in east China and shanghai to carry out minimally invasive surgical treatment for urinary calculi, especially minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy with holmium laser lithotripsy, ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy and laser lithotripsy with flexible ureteroscope for complicated upper urinary tract calculi. Our minimally invasive surgical techniques are in a leading position in China. We have unique advantages in minimally invasive treatment of upper urinary tract calculi, and we have got the great clinical curative effect to cure varieties of complex cases, such as staghorn calculi, solitary kidney calculi, horseshoe kidney calculi, transplanted kidney calculi and some residual calculi, recurrent calculi and multiple renal calculi after open surgeries.
Our department carried out the first case of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy in Shanghai in 2002, and now has successfully completed thousands of surgeries for urinary calculi. In recent years, following the completion of the first case of laser lithotripsy with flexible ureteroscope in Shanghai, we aimed at a more minimally invasive, non-invasive target and actively carried out laser lithotripsy with flexible ureteroscope for complicated upper urinary tract calculi.
Department of Kidney Transplantation
Renal Transplantation Department, the advanced department of our hospital, was founded by Professor Xie Tong, the extraordinary urology expert of our nation. The department performed the first renal transplantation from deceased donor in 1976, and is one of the first medical centers that carried out renal transplantation in China. Clinical medical center of organ transplantation of Shanghai was founded in August 2001 by the approval of Shanghai Municipal Government. Renal transplantation from deceased donor, autologous renal transplantation, living-donor renal transplantation, combined liver-kidney transplantation, combined pancreas-kidney transplantation, and combined kidney-adult islet cells transplantation etc.. Up to now, there are a total of over 2600 cases of renal transplantation, the number of annual transplantation being 50 ~ 100 cases, and with the youngest recipient aged 11 years old, and the oldest recipient aged 72 years old. The one-year survival rate for recipient/graft is 97.4% /93.2%, the five-year survival rate for recipient/graft is 86.6%/75.2%, and the ten-year survival rate for recipient/graft is 79.7%/66.1%. The longest survival has been more than 35 years.
Department of Andrology
Department of Andrology / pelvic and urinary incontinence surgery was founded on March 6, 2015. Our department carries out microsurgical techniques for male infertility: such as microsurgical vasoepididymostomy, microsurgical vasovasostomy, microsurgical varicocelectomy, microsurgical sperm retrieval of azoospermia, testicular sparing microsurgery for testicular tumor, microsurgical removal of testicular foreign body, microsurgical autotransplantation of testical.
On the basis of microsurgical andrology, the department focuses on developing minimal invasive techniques for laparoscopic testicular exploration of cryptorchidism, nerve-sparing and laparoscopic radical orchiectomy. We also carried out laparoscopy combined with microscopic spermatic duct reconstruction techniques for iatrogenic azoospermia caused by hernia repair or hydrocelectomy, and ejaculatory function sparing techniques for ultrasound-guided transurethral resection of ejaculatory ducts.
Our department also specializes in male fertility evaluation, new technology of sperm cryopreservation, male sexual function evaluation, diagnosis, treatment and recovery, sexual and fertility function protection and recovery of prostatic diseases.
